This peds case study is available in English, and is intended for advanced level health care providers with the goal of increasing the provider’s knowledge of hazardous substances in the environment and to aid in the evaluation of potentially exposed patients. This case study provides information related to at risk populations, exposure pathways, physiologic effects, clinical evaluation, treatment and management, as well as workplace and environmental standards and regulations of nitrate/nitrite toxicity. Upon completion of this case study the participant should be able to discuss the major exposure route for nitrates/nitrites, describe two potential environmental and occupational sources of nitrate/nitrate exposure, give two reasons nitrates/nitrites is a health hazard, describe three factors contributing to nitrate/nitrite toxicity, identify evaluation and treatment protocols for persons exposed to nitrates/nitrites, and list two sources of information on nitrate/nitrite. The CDC designates this educational activity for a maximum of 1.0 hours toward the American Medical Association (AMA) Physician's Recognition Award, 1.2 contact hours in nursing, and 0.1 Continuing Education Units (CEUs).