The project aimed to develop and test an approach to such planning in three countries C Cuba, Mexico and South Africa C and, subsequently, to offer guidelines to other countries. A collaborative effort, the project was primarily sponsored by the WHO's Office of Global and Integrated Environmental Health and Office of Occupational Health and by the United Nations Environment Programme. In addition, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, United States, supported the field activities in Mexico and South Africa. This document describes the lessons learned from the country experiences of the project and provides general guidelines to facilitate the implementation of a planning initiative for human resources development in environmental and occupational health. There is, of course, no standard recipe. Countries are encouraged to utilize this resource and the suggested references to create their own menu for a sustainable workforce in environment and health.